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2021 Top 5 Used Technologies in Air Purifiers

by OSHINER 2021-04-30

As a society, we are progressively becoming more and more conscious of what affects our health. Caring for the quality of the food we eat, the water we drink, the clothes we wear and even the air we breathe. It probably explains why home-care appliances such as air purifiers have gained a lot of popularity these recent years. Let us briefly explore together the different types of technology used in air purifiers.

HEPA

High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) is the most popular filtering media used in air purifiers and works by trapping in its meshed structure, the particles present in the air. HEPA removes 99.97% of particulate matter of size less than 0.3 microns, like the dust and pollen in the air that cause allergies. But if the filter is not frequently changed, it can create secondary air pollution because of accumulated pollutant that generate more bacteria and mold. It is also important to note that a higher grade HEPA filter is not necessarily the better. This is because the higher-grade the HEPA filter is, the more compact it become, capturing more particles but allowing less air to flow through. Read more about it in our previous article:How to choose HEPA filter, H11, H12 or H13?

Activated Carbon

Activated Carbon or charcoal is a natural absorbent usually used to filter out smells, smoke and odors present in the air by physical and chemical absorptions. Mostly used as an indoor deodorizer, it is relatively cheap and accessible making it very popular. Activated carbon is not used as a standalone air filter because it does not trap allergens and certain pollutants, and requires frequent replacements because it gets saturated with contaminants rapidly.

ESP

Electrostatic Smoke Precipitators (ESP) are electronic air filters working on the principle of corona discharge, removing particles from contaminated air by positively or negatively ionizing them using electrical energy. Then the charged particles are attracted to collectors plates of opposite charge and extracted as dry material (dry ESP) or washed off with water from the collector plates (wet ESP). ESP is capable of removing any sized particles from dirty air but it requires high energy input thus higher energy cost.

UV-C Radiations

Ultra Violet germicidal irradiation or UV-C is emitted to inactivate airborne microorganisms and pathogens present in the air, such as bacteria, mold and viruses. According to its wavelength, UV-C requires more or less time for irradiation to disinfect thoroughly the air against bacteria. But more time, higher numbers are not necessarily the best. With wavelength varying from 200nm to 280nm, the UV-C radiation effectiveness depends exposure time and the type of bacteria it is fighting. To know everything about that, check out our article: Do you know how long does UV lamp take to disinfect?

It is important to remind you that following recommendations and security measures is important to guarantee your safety when using UV-C products because temporary exposure to ultraviolet light can damage your skin and eyes. So stay safe and always wear safety glasses and gloves.

Ozone Generator

Ozone or Activated Oxygen (o3) is one of the most spread disinfection methods used in industries. It is produced using UVC tubes or corona discharge and is used to destroy microorganisms and eliminate spores and viruses. Ozone is also very efficient to neutralize odors, bacteria and germs. We might assume that the most concentration of ozone guarantees the best disinfection but this is not true. Not only that but this can be dangerous. Hight level concentrations of ozone are harmful of your health directly affecting the lungs and respiratory system. Ozone disinfection done right demands proper monitoring that can be achieved with time control. To get more info about ozone concentration for disinfection, read our article: Question: The Higher The Ozone Concentration, The Better?

And don’t miss out on our future articles on air treatment technology.

Ozone Technology

Ozone Applications in Water Treatment and Disinfection

by OSHINER 2021-04-14

When we talk about “ozone”, we generally have in mind the ozone layer that covers the Earth’s atmosphere and protects its surface from ultraviolet rays. But ozone is also a component long mastered by men, that has proven useful in numerous applications. Although controversial, ozone has been used in different industries over time, and has in recent years gained market for domestic use. Let us take a look at different ways ozone is used in for water treatment and disinfection.

Ozone is an inorganic molecule also referred to as activated oxygen because it is composed of three atoms of oxygen bound together. It is generated by stimulating a flow of oxygen from ambient air, with high energy amounts and causing the atoms of oxygen to split and reorganize into new molecules, oxygen free radicals and O3 (ozone). More than a 100 industries daily use ozone in countless applications. From water treatment to manufacturing processes, equipment maintenance, odor treatment, and preservation of food and raw materials.

Disinfecting Properties

Usually in the form of a gas, it is largely used as a disinfecting agent because of its strong oxidation abilities. When it comes in contact with bacteria, ozone breaks through the cell membrane and neutralizes the bacteria’s essential components (RNA, DNA, enzymes and proteins) leading to its destruction. Not only is ozone a disinfection agent, it is also categorized as a sporicidal agent (kills spores), an algaecide (kills and prevents the growth of algae) and a virucide (destroys or inactivates viruses).

Water Treatment

Ozone is often used in water treatment as a disinfectant. One of its main advantage is that it does not leave residues or byproducts after its application. In normal water, the half-life of ozone is from 10 to 20 minutes while in wastewater, ozone disappears after 9 seconds because it reacts to the particles and debris present in the wastewater. The use of ozone for disinfecting water reduces the need for chemical involvement and spending cost. Ozone is used to treat drinking water, industrial wastewater, it is also used for treatment of cooling towers, for ground water remediation and even in the hydraulic fracturing (fracking) industry among other things. Ozone is also effective to remove colors and bad odors from ground water and wastewater.

Food and Beverage Industry

The second prominent use of ozone is found in the food and beverage industry. Ozone eliminates germs and bacteria the moment it comes in contact with them. Since it can be produced on site, it is a good alternative to other disinfection and sterilization methods. The particularity of ozone is that its application is non residual and does not affect the taste or smell of food such as dairy products. And its oxidation is applied on fruits and vegetable to prolong their life and reduce food production waste. In addition to treating water and food, ozone is utilized to sanitize and sterilize food plants surfaces and equipment.

Oxidation of metal

When they are not oxidized, metals such as iron are quick to pass through mechanical filtration and end their course in water sources. Once there, it is a difficult process to remove them from these waters. So to avoid this situation, oxidation before filtration is necessary for such metal. But the use of traditional oxidizers such as permanganate are costly, residual and have to be closely monitored while with ozone, the oxidation time is quicker at a low dosing. Not only is ozone as effective but it is also less costly.

In the recent years, ozone has proven to be an efficient alternative to numerous commonly used chemicals in water treatment. Used as a disinfectant or oxidizer, it is a very practical element that is making its way into domestic use through portable ozone generator devices. But is water treatment the only domain of application for ozone? To answer this question do not forget to check out our future article part 2, ozone application in air treatment.

[sources]

[https://spartanwatertreatment.com/]

[https://www.chemengonline.com/the-use-of-ozone-in-chemical-process-industries-cpi-applications/?pagenum=1]

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Sadly, taking care of the house is still a woman’s job!

by OSHINER 2021-03-12

With this week’s celebration of the International women’s day, we are reminded of two things. The first is the remembrance of all the social, political, economic and cultural achievements of women in our societies and the second is the continuous fight for women’s right and gender equality in the world.

With the restructuring of our societies views on genders and their subsequent roles and parts, firstly in the family setting and secondly in society as large, what have become of the expectations society has on women, more specifically when it comes to managing the house? Going further in that direction, we cannot refrain to ask the question: Is taking care of the house still a woman’s job?

Numbers don’t lie. Even while working part-time to full-time jobs, women mostly take upon themselves household and familial responsibilities. With 15.12 hours spent weekly on housework for women compared to a 9.73 hours for men, women are still doing most of the work when it comes to taking care of the home in the US (1). Now, depending on where you come from these numbers may vary but this observation remains constant.

Our purpose is not to shift house chores and cleaning responsibilities to one side, but how do we share the burden between the two.

Even though nowadays people can be so sensitive when we discuss gender, there is no excuse robbing each and everyone of us of our basic responsibilities. House chores and cleaning are everyone’s responsibilities and should not be gender based and if you think they must be, you probably need some help.

We live in a world of balance, tip towards one side and imbalance is what you get. The family setting is one great example of where this concept of “balance” plays a role. For example, we can all agree that a child needs to be raised. Whether this is done by both parents or a single parent. Of course, it is always best if both parents participate. The idea here is in the raising of the child and instilling values in him/her that will impact his community positively even when you as a parent are long gone.

Same with cleaning, your home (bought or rented) is likened to a baby that constantly needs looking after. Now who does the cleaning of it (man or woman) is not necessarily the main point but why we should keep these places clean. And of course, it’s always best if both participate in the cleaning.

Now that you understand my point, being hygienic and being able to keep your house clean, for the various benefits is far more significant than who does it.

Let us take the family setting of a husband and wife, since I can’t speak for the boyfriend and girlfriend that decided to cohabitate but have not committed themselves to each other for a lifetime. And yes I can see you already collecting stones to throw at me, but be of good cheer, this is no big deal.

So, for the married, cleaning and doing house chores together has been mentioned to be one thing that strengthens the bond of love between partners.

If your wife is tired or under the monthly order of things, under visitation let us say, please sir, by all means clean the house, wash those dishes, cook that quick meal you happened to have stumbled upon on YouTube. Loving your wife is shown in the small things that improve her health and your family’s. Women, the same goes out to you. (And all the men and women applauded.)

In this pandemic, there is no questioning the importance of home cleanliness, as many people are working remotely from home and as we are now spending over 80% of our time in doors, surrounded by the ones we love.

There is so much that we would love to write but my word count will not permit me. In conclusion, chores are not based on gender. Man or woman, keep your house clean for the sake of your loved ones. Do not run away from this basic responsibility.

[Source]: (1) https://www.bls.gov/charts/american-time-use/activity-by-sex.htm#

News

Homecare Product Market | Size Worth $233.58 Billion by 2026 | CAGR of 4.58%

by OSHINER 2020-12-23

[source] Infinium Global Research

“Homecare Product Market (By Type – Surface Cleaner, Toilet Cleaner, Fabric Cleaner, Air Purifier and Others; By Distribution Channel – Offline Retail Stores and Online Retail Stores): Global Industry Analysis, Trends, Size, Share and Forecasts to 2026” estimates that the market was worth USD 173.32 billion in 2019 and is projected to reach up to USD 233.58 billion in 2026, growing with a CAGR of 4.58% during the period of 2020 to 2026.

Homecare Product Market to Grow on the Backdrop of Growing Awareness Regarding Home Sanitizing Amidst of COVID-19 Outbreak.

The growing awareness among consumers about home sanitization is the major driving force for the growth of the global homecare product market. Concerns regarding spread of coronavirus disease has increased the awareness among the consumers to keep their surrounding clean and sanitized. People are more concerned about sanitization in general than ever before.

Although coronavirus is not airborne, that is, it doesn’t travel through air but it settles on surfaces and infects people when they touch such contaminated surfaces. Thus, it has been recommended by WHO as well as CDC to sanitize surfaces frequently. This has encouraged people to use surface cleaners more frequently than usual.

Therefore, as more people are getting aware of the home sanitization the sale of the homecare products are expected to grow considerably. Additionally, the outbreak is also predicted to cause a drastic change in social and cleanliness practices and the market will thus witness a major boost in the long term.

Ozone Technology

Question: The Higher The Ozone Concentration, The Better?

by OSHINER 2020-09-24

In order to test for the effectiveness of ozone in reducing airborne bacteria, a conference room with area about 12㎡ was selected for testing. For safety, the disinfection process was carried out when humans, animals and plants were evacuated.

Depends on the size of the room, an ozone generator with 50mg/hr output (Oshiner Ozone Air) was chosen. The capacity of the chosen ozone generator has the ability to maintain high concentration of ozone (0.5 – 5 ppm) inside. Circulation fan was placed in the room to ensure good distribution of ozone. After closing all the windows and doors, the ozone generator was turned on to begin ozonation process. Different levels of ozone (0.5, 2.5 and 5 ppm) were tested to determine the optimal value for killing as much microorganisms as possible. After turning off the ozone generator, ozone level began to drop as it was undergoing self-decomposition to oxygen.

In general, ozone concentration drops to below 0.02 ppm in a hour after ozonation, therefore we should wait for at least one hour (after turning off the generator) before entering the “ozonated” room.

As shown in the figure, the ozone concentration raise very slowly in the initial period (the first few minutes). The delay in building up the ozone concentration is probably due to the consumption of ozone for oxidizing pollutants (including bacteria and viruses) in the initial period. After oxidizing the major pollutants, ozone concentration inside the room raise rapidly up to the desired level. To ensure entire room disinfection, high level of ozone was maintained for 30 minutes. When ozone generator was off, the ozone concentration dropped gradually as ozone converting back to oxygen.

The total airborne bacteria in the conference room was measured before and after each ozonation. The disinfection efficiency of ozonation at different concentration was tabulated in Table 1.

Ozone Concentration	0.5ppm	2.5ppm	5ppm
Before Ozonation	592 CFU/m3	612 CFU/m3	552 CFU/m3
After Ozonation	169 CFU/m3	42 CFU/m3	57 CFU/m3
Reduction %	71.5%	93.1%	89.6%

The results show that ozone is effective in reducing airborne bacteria. At higher ozone level, the sanitizing effect increased. Over 90% of airborne bacteria could be reduced at 2.5 ppm concentration. Further increase of ozone concentration to 5 ppm does not beneficial in bacteria reduction percentage.

Why the result is not 99.9%?

High removal percentage could not be achieved because the room was not 100% sealed. Doors should be opened briefly during each air sampling and air exchange from outside was unavoidable. For safety reason, excessive high concentration ozone should be avoided and the lowest ozone concentration that could kill most of the microorganisms should be selected as optimum. Depends on the contamination level, 0.5 – 2.5 ppm ozone level is adequate for air disinfection.

Conclusion

Experimental data shows that ozone is effective in reducing airborne bacteria of unoccupied room. Over 90% of airborne bacteria could be reduced after ozonation. As viruses are generally more susceptible to ozone than bacteria, it could assume that all viruses are killed if large percentage of airborne bacteria are removed. Ozone is a gas that has good penetration capacity and powerful oxidizing power, thus its disinfection efficiency is superior to UV radiation and HEPA filter. As ozone disinfection is conducted in unoccupied room only and all the residual ozone will be decomposed after the treatment, ozone toxicity to human is therefore not a concern. Given the advantages of strong oxidizing power, good penetration capacity and no harmful residues left after the treatment.

News, Ozone Technology

Ozone Generator Market Driven By Rapid Industrialization Across Developing Economies

by OSHINER 2020-08-12

The original article is from MarketWatch.

Ozone generators find extensive applications across a broad range of industries, with air treatment and water treatment being among most prominent ones. Manufacturers of ozone generators are constantly focusing on product innovations to introduce advanced and more efficient products. For instance, in 2017, Toshiba had launched the TGOGSTM range of compact ozone generators designed for optimum efficiency. These generators can be customized as per the particular needs of customers and can be used to treat drinking water as well as recycled municipal and industrial wastewater.

Ozone generators are also widely used in the automotive sector to improve the in-vehicle air quality. In May 2020, a car rental company on Spain’s Costa Del Sol announced that it is utilizing ozone generators to disinfect cars in wake of the coronavirus outbreak.

Driven by a positive application outlook in air treatment, water treatment, and aquaculture, global ozone generator market size is slated to surpass a valuation of US$450 million by 2026. Let’s take a look at some of the top trends impacting the product penetration in the near future.

In terms of the capacity, the demand for 5mg/hr – 100mg/hr ozone generators is expected to grow substantially over the next few years. This can be mainly linked with a growing focus towards improving the quality of indoor air across residential and commercial establishments. Ozone generator manufacturers are aiming to design innovative solutions with advanced instrumentation features to monitor pH, temperature, ammonia, dissolved oxygen, and water flow.

Ozone generator technologies can be bifurcated into electrolytic, ultraviolet, corona discharge, and cold plasma. Electrolytic ozone generators are increasingly gaining prominence in water treatment applications, which can be associated with growing urbanization and surging demand for clean and fresh drinking water.

Prominent use in ozone air treatment

In addition to air treatment and water treatment, ozone generation technologies are used in laboratory and medical equipment, food processing, pulp bleaching, aquaculture and fish farming, produce storage facilities, and organic synthesis. With growing focus towards improving the urban indoor air quality (IAQ), the product in air treatment applications is set to grow exponentially.

Ozone air treatment is used for air disinfection and odor control in kitchen exhausts, grease traps, VOC treatment, and garbage rooms. While air treatment applications will continue to augment ozone generator market forecast, the product is bound to witness growing adoption in aquaculture and fish farming since it has a quick reaction rate and produces fewer hazardous by-products.

MEA to emerge as a major revenue terrain

Considering the geographical landscape, Middle East and Africa (MEA) ozone generator industry is well poised to witness lucrative growth opportunities in the future. The regional growth can be attributed to recent trends in urbanization and commercialization. Meanwhile, robust industrial development in Latin American countries will positively influence the regional demand for ozone generators.

Governments in these regions are actively spending on the development of municipal as well as industrial wastewater treatment infrastructure. Several countries have tightened the regulations pertaining to discharge of wastewater.

Ozone generation technologies will continue to play a prominent role in air and water treatment, considering the surging demand for clean indoor air and fresh water in the upcoming years. Manufacturers are bound to witness substantial opportunities from additional applications such as ozone bleaching in the pulp bleaching industry.